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Andrew Valentine

Field guides

Sources

Every claim the guides label as fact, with where to check it. Observations, interpretations, exercises and metaphors are labelled as what they are — argue with those directly.

Field Guide Nº 1

A Short Guide to Seeing What You Usually Don't Notice

02 / The filter

Your brain predicts, selects, filters and fills in gaps rather than recording the world like a camera.

  • Andy Clark, Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied Mind. Oxford University Press, 2016.

    The predictive-processing account of perception, in book length.

  • Anil Seth, Being You: A New Science of Consciousness. Faber & Faber, 2021.

    The same idea for a general reader: perception as a controlled hallucination.

02 / The filter

Where the optic nerve leaves the eye there is a patch with no light receptors, and the brain fills it in.

  • Edme Mariotte, Nouvelle découverte touchant la veüe. Paris, 1668.

    The first description of the blind spot, found by the same kind of test the guide asks you to run.

  • V. S. Ramachandran, "Blind Spots." Scientific American 266, no. 5 (May 1992): 86–91.

    How the brain fills the gap, and how to catch it doing so.

07 / A name for the idea

Philip K. Dick named the image the Black Iron Prison.

  • Philip K. Dick, VALIS. Bantam Books, 1981.

    The novel where the Black Iron Prison appears.

  • Pamela Jackson and Jonathan Lethem, eds., The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011.

    Where Dick takes the idea much further — the part the guide says you do not need to follow.

Field Guide Nº 2

A Short Guide to Finding Out What's Actually True

Nº 2 labels no panel as fact — it is a method rather than a set of claims. These are what the method is drawn from, printed on its last panel.

  • NASA — the scientific method.

    The plain statement of observe, hypothesise, predict, test, revise.

  • Richard Feynman, "Cargo Cult Science" — Caltech commencement address, 1974.

    On the kind of honesty that consists of reporting what would prove you wrong.

Field Guide Nº 3

A Short Guide to Running a Useful Experiment

Nº 3 is a method too. Its worked example is invented, and it says so on the panel.

  • NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods — randomized block designs.

    Why pairing comparable occasions and randomising the order inside each pair is fairer than running one condition and then the other.

  • Richard Feynman, "Cargo Cult Science" — Caltech commencement address, 1974.

    Keeping the sessions that disappoint you is the whole of it.

Think a claim is wrong, or a source does not say what I say it does? Tell me. If I’ve got something wrong, I want to know.